Tutorial

Arrays von Widgets * GUI-Programmierung mit FLTK

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Inhalt

9. Arrays in Fltk-C
9.1 Arrays von Records mit Widgets
9.2 Zweidimensionale Arrays von Widgets

9. Arrays in Fltk

Bei der Betrachtung der vorhergehenden Seiten wird sich schon Mancher gedacht haben, das kann man doch eleganter machen mit Arrays und Schleifen, die die Arrays durchgehen. Eigentlich ist das aber Kosmetik. Die Ausführung des Programmes wird dadurch meist nicht beschleunigt. Es sieht eben wesentlich eleganter aus im Quelltext und erspart viel Tiparbeit.

9.1 Arrays von Records mit Widgets

Arrays von Records bieten sich an, wenn man viele ähnliche Reihen mit Widgets erzeugen will.

' pref_window.bas

' by Knatterton



#include once "vbcompat.bi"

#include once "fltk-c.bi"



dim shared as string fbc_name

dim shared as string fbc_path



if SEP = "\" then ' goes for all windows

  fbc_name = "fbc*.exe"

    fbc_path = "\FreeBASIC\"

else ' linux or others

  fbc_name = "fbc"

    fbc_path = "/usr/local/bin/"

end if



type tprefs

  as string activ = "0", nam, opt, value, ind = "0", r, g, b

  as any ptr btn, box, fon

  as ulong col

end type



dim as short i

dim as ubyte r, g, b

dim shared as tprefs fl_pref(14)

dim shared as ubyte r8=255,g8=255,b8=255



fl_pref(0).col =  Fl_BACKGROUND_COLOR

fl_pref(1).col =  Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

fl_pref(2).col =  Fl_FOREGROUND_COLOR

fl_pref(3).col =  Fl_RGB_Color(255,255,0)

fl_pref(4).col =  Fl_RGB_Color(150,134,122)

fl_pref(5).col =  Fl_RGB_Color(200,234,22)

fl_pref(6).col =  FL_BLACK         ' PLAIN    style 'A'

fl_pref(7).col =  FL_BLUE          ' KEYWORD  style 'B'

fl_pref(8).col =  FL_DARK_YELLOW   ' STRING   style 'C'

fl_pref(9).col =  Fl_RED           ' COMMENT  style 'D'

fl_pref(10).col =  FL_DARK_YELLOW  ' NUMBER   style 'E'

fl_pref(11).col =  FL_DARK_GREEN   ' PREPROC  style 'F'

fl_pref(12).col =  FL_CYAN         ' DATATYPE style 'G'

fl_pref(13).col =  FL_MAGENTA      ' OTHER    style 'H'

fl_pref(14).col =  FL_DARK_GREEN   ' USERLIB  style 'I'



for i = 0 to 14

  with fl_pref(i)

    Fl_GetColor(.col, r, g, b)

    .r = str(r)

    .g = str(g)

    .b = str(b)

    read .nam

  end with

next i



 data "Background","Background2","Foreground","Color 1","Color 2","Color 3","Plain", _

      "Keyword","String","Comment","Number","Preproc","Datatype","Other","Userlib"



sub load_prefs  ' open and read the file

   dim as integer filehandle

   filehandle = freefile

   open "fl.pref" for input as #filehandle

   for i as short = 0 to 14

     with fl_pref(i)

       line input #filehandle, .activ

       line input #filehandle, .r

       line input #filehandle, .g

       line input #filehandle, .b

       line input #filehandle, .ind

       .col = Fl_RGB_Color(valint(.r),valint(.g),valint(.b))

       if i = 0 then Fl_Background(valint(.r),valint(.g),valint(.b))

       if i = 1 then Fl_Background2(valint(.r),valint(.g),valint(.b))

       if i = 2 then Fl_Foreground(valint(.r),valint(.g),valint(.b))

     end with

   next i

   close #filehandle

   Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub save_prefs ' open and write the file

   dim as integer filehandle

   filehandle = freefile

   open "fl.pref" for output as #filehandle

   for i as short = 0 to 14

      print #filehandle, fl_pref(i).activ

      print #filehandle, fl_pref(i).r

      print #filehandle, fl_pref(i).g

      print #filehandle, fl_pref(i).b

      print #filehandle, fl_pref(i).ind

   next i

   close #filehandle

end sub



sub Fl_File_ChooserShowCenter(byval fc as FL_File_Chooser ptr)

  var win = cptr(FL_Double_Window ptr,Fl_WidgetWindow(Fl_File_ChooserNewButton(fc)))

  var scrW=Fl_GetW()          ' get screen width,height

  var scrH=Fl_GetH()

  var winW=Fl_WidgetGetW(win) ' get current win width,height

  var winH=Fl_WidgetGetH(win)

  var newX = scrW/2-winW/2    ' calculate new center position

  var newY = scrH/2-winH/2

  Fl_WidgetPosition(win,newX,newY)

  Fl_Double_WindowShow(win)

  Fl_File_ChooserRescanKeepFilename(fc)

end sub



' file callbacks

sub FbcFileCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr,byval txt as any ptr)

  flFileChooserOkLabel("Open")

  dim as string result = CurDir, label

  var fc = Fl_File_ChooserNew(result, "*" , FL_FILECHOOSER_SINGLE, "Select fbc")

  Fl_File_ChooserSetPreview(fc,0)

  Fl_File_ChooserShowCenter(fc)

  while Fl_File_ChooserShown(fc) andalso Fl_Wait()=1

  wend

  dim as string filepath = *Fl_File_ChooserGetValue(fc)

  'dim as string file ' next part later needed

  'dim as long last

  ' get file name out of filepath

  'last = InStrRev(filepath, SEP) ' SEP is defined in fltk-tools.bi

  'file = Mid(filepath, last + 1, len(filepath))

  'label = left(file,11) & ".."

  Fl_WindowCopyLabel txt, filepath ' display path and file

end sub



' button callbacks

sub ColorCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr,byval box as any ptr)

  dim as long y = Fl_WidgetGetY(self)

  dim as long i = (y-60)\40 ' get i through y pos

  flColorChooser fl_pref(i).nam,r8,g8,b8, FL_COLORCHOOSER_RGB

  fl_pref(i).r = str(r8)

  fl_pref(i).g = str(g8)

  fl_pref(i).b = str(b8)

  fl_pref(i).col = Fl_RGB_Color(r8,g8,b8)

  Fl_WidgetSetColor box,fl_pref(i).col

  if i = 0 then Fl_Background(r8,g8,b8)

  if i = 1 then Fl_Background2(r8,g8,b8)

  if i = 2 then Fl_Foreground(r8,g8,b8)

  Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub CancelButtonCB cdecl (byval button as FL_WIDGET ptr, options as any ptr)

  Fl_WindowHide(options)

end sub



sub OKButtonCB cdecl (byval button as FL_WIDGET ptr, prefs as any ptr)

  Fl_WindowHide(prefs)

  save_prefs

end sub



sub FontChoiceCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr,byval cho as any ptr)

  dim as long ind = Fl_ChoiceGetValue(cho)

 ' dim as long y = Fl_WidgetGetY(self)

  dim as long i = (Fl_WidgetGetY(self)-60)\40 ' get i through y pos

  fl_pref(i).ind = str(ind)

  fl_pref(i).value = *Fl_Menu_GetMenu(cho)[ind].text

  ? "Font: " & *Fl_Menu_GetMenu(cho)[ind].text

end sub



sub GtkCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr)

  Fl_SetScheme("gtk+") ' : Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub PlasticCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr)

  Fl_SetScheme("plastic") ': Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub GleamCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr)

  Fl_SetScheme("gleam") ': Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub NoneCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr)

  Fl_SetScheme("none") ': Fl_ReDraw()

end sub



sub FbcInputCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr,byval input_ as any ptr)

  ? "fbc" & *Fl_Input_GetValue(input_)

end sub



' load last settings

If fileexists("fl.pref") then load_prefs



sub pref_window

    var pref = Fl_WindowNew(750, 680, "Preferences")

    Fl_WindowSetModal(pref)

    var Input_text = Fl_InputNew(120, 12,200, 20, "Path to FBC:")

    Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg(Input_text, @FbcInputCB, Input_text)

    Fl_Input_SetValue(Input_text, fbc_path & fbc_name)





  for i as short = 0 to 14

    with fl_pref(i)

      ' buttons

      .btn = Fl_ButtonNew(20,60+40*i,100,24,.nam)

      Fl_WidgetSetColor .btn, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR



      ' boxes

      .box = Fl_BoxExNew(140,60+40*i,100,24)

      Fl_WidgetSetBox .box, boxtype(FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

      Fl_WidgetSetColor .box, .col

      Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg .btn,@ColorCB, .box



      ' choices

      .fon = Fl_ChoiceNew(260,60 + 40 * i,220,24,"")

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"HELVETICA") '              =  0 ' Helvetica (or Arial) normal (0)

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"HELVETICA_BOLD") '         = Fl_HELVETICA or Fl_BOLD

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"HELVETICA_ITALIC") '       = Fl_HELVETICA or Fl_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"HELVETICA_BOLD_ITALIC") '  = Fl_HELVETICA or Fl_BOLD_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"COURIER") '                =  4 ' Courier normal

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"COURIER_BOLD") '           = Fl_COURIER   or Fl_BOLD

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"COURIER_ITALIC") '         = Fl_COURIER   or Fl_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"COURIER_BOLD_ITALIC") '    = Fl_COURIER   or Fl_BOLD_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"TIMES") '                  =  8 ' Times roman

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"TIMES_BOLD") '             = Fl_TIMES     or Fl_BOLD

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"TIMES_ITALIC") '           = Fl_TIMES     or Fl_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"TIMES_BOLD_ITALIC") '      = Fl_TIMES     or Fl_BOLD_ITALIC

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"SYMBOL") '                 = 12 ' Standard symbol font

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"SCREEN") '                 = 13 ' Default monospaced screen font

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"SCREEN_BOLD") '            = Fl_SCREEN    or Fl_BOLD ' Default monospaced bold screen font

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"ZAPF_DINGBATS") '          = 15 ' Zapf-dingbats font

      Fl_Menu_Add3(.fon,"FREE_FONT") '              = 16 ' first one to allocate

      Fl_ChoiceSetValue(.fon, valint(.ind))

      Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg .fon,@FontChoiceCB,.fon

    end with

  next i



  ' schemes

    var grp2 = Fl_GroupNew(500,80,130,190,"Scheme") ' box must cover all buttons of group completely

        var rad4 = Fl_Radio_Round_ButtonNew(520,100,90,30,"None")

    Fl_WidgetSetBox(rad4,FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

    Fl_WidgetSetColor rad4, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

        var rad5 = Fl_Radio_Round_ButtonNew(520,140,90,30,"Gtk+")

    Fl_WidgetSetBox(rad5,FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

    Fl_WidgetSetColor rad5, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

        var rad6 = Fl_Radio_Round_ButtonNew(520,180,90,30,"Plastic")

    Fl_WidgetSetBox(rad6,FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

    Fl_WidgetSetColor rad6, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

        var rad7 = Fl_Radio_Round_ButtonNew(520,220,90,30,"Gleam")

    Fl_WidgetSetBox(rad7,FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

    Fl_WidgetSetColor rad7, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

    Fl_GroupEnd grp2

  Fl_WidgetSetBox(grp2,FL_ENGRAVED_BOX)

  Fl_WidgetSetColor grp2, FL_LIGHT2



    Fl_WidgetSetSelectionColor(rad4,FL_BLACK)

    Fl_WidgetSetSelectionColor(rad5,FL_BLACK)

    Fl_WidgetSetSelectionColor(rad6,FL_BLACK)

    Fl_WidgetSetSelectionColor(rad7,FL_BLACK)



    Fl_WidgetSetCallback0 rad4,@NoneCB

    Fl_WidgetSetCallback0 rad5,@GtkCB

    Fl_WidgetSetCallback0 rad6,@PlasticCB

    Fl_WidgetSetCallback0 rad7,@GleamCB



    ' set initial value for each group

    Fl_ButtonSetValue(rad4,1) ' checked

    'Fl_ButtonSetValue(rad5,0) ' unchecked

    'Fl_ButtonSetValue(rad6,0) ' unchecked

    'Fl_ButtonSetValue(rad7,0) ' unchecked



  ' main buttons

    var FbcBtn = Fl_ButtonNew(330,12,100,24,"Choose")

  Fl_WidgetSetColor FbcBtn, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

    Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg FbcBtn,@FbcFileCB,Input_text



    var CanBtn = Fl_ButtonNew(500,620,100,24,"Cancel")

  Fl_WidgetSetColor CanBtn, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

    Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg CanBtn,@CancelButtonCB, pref



    var OkBtn = Fl_ButtonNew(620,620,100,24,"OK")

  Fl_WidgetSetColor OkBtn, Fl_BACKGROUND2_COLOR

    Fl_WidgetSetCallbackArg OkBtn,@OKButtonCB, pref



  ' show window

    Fl_WindowShow pref

    Fl_GroupSetResizable pref,pref

  Fl_WindowSizeRange pref,240,120



end sub



pref_window



Fl_Run

pref

9.2 Zweidimensionale Arrays von Widgets

Hier denkt man an rechteckige Anordnungen, z. B. von Buttons.

' Fltk_Button_Array.bas



#include once "fltk-c.bi"



sub ButtonCB cdecl (byval self as Fl_Widget ptr)

  print "Button: " & *Fl_WidgetGetLabel(self)

end sub



Dim As Fl_Window Ptr Win = Fl_WindowNew (538, 538, "Fltk Button Array")



Dim as Fl_Button Ptr btn(15,15)

Dim as string label



' create buttons

for y as byte = 0 to 15

  For x as byte = 0 to 15

    label = str(1 + y*16 + x)

    btn(x,y) = Fl_ButtonNew(x*33+5,y*33+5,32,32)

    Fl_WidgetCopyLabel btn(x,y), label

    Fl_WidgetSetColor(btn(x,y),Fl_RGB_Color(255-(x*16),255-(y*16),(x*16)))

    Fl_WidgetSetLabelColor(btn(x,y),Fl_GRAY)

    Fl_WidgetSetCallback0 btn(x,y),@ButtonCB

  next

next



Fl_GroupSetResizable Win,Win

Fl_WindowShow(Win)

Fl_Run

array

Zusätzliche Informationen und Funktionen

Das Tutorial wurde am 01.10.2019 von Knatterton angelegt.
Die aktuellste Version wurde am 01.10.2019 von Knatterton gespeichert.

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